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| [常州软件培训]Pascal学习笔记（四） |
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东方博宜教育Pascal习题复习大纲（四）
复习要求：认真复习本提纲中的习题，做到每道题都能自己写出答案！
1188: 【基础】高精度加法
思路：
第一步：采用两个string将两个大数字读入
第二步：将两个string倒过来放到数组中
第三步：将两个数组对应位的数相加，和放到第三个数组中，但判断和 >= 10，则mod 10结果留下，div 10的结果加到下一位
注意：两个数组最后一位相加时可能要进1，也就是3位数 + 3位数可能得到4位数
var s1,s2:string;
a,b,c:array[1..241] of integer;
i,j,t,len:integer;
begin
readln(s1);
readln(s2);
for i := 1 to length(s1) do
a[i] := ord(s1[length(s1) - i + 1]) - 48;
for i := 1 to length(s2) do
b[i] := ord(s2[length(s2) - i + 1]) - 48;
len := length(s1);
if length(s2) > length(s1) then
len := length(s2);
t := 0;
for i := 1 to len do
begin
c[i] := a[i] + b[i] + t;
t := c[i] div 10;
c[i] := c[i] mod 10;
end;
if t <> 0 then
write(t);
for i := len downto 1 do
write(c[i]);
writeln; readln;
end.
1123: 【入门】数组元素的排序
思路：n个数，比较n-1轮，每轮从第一个数比较到n - i + 1这个数！
每轮比较中，如果前面的数比后面的数大，则交换！
var a:array[1..10] of integer;
i,j,n,t:integer;
begin
readln(n);
for i := 1 to n do
read(a[i]);
for i := 1 to n - 1 do
for j := 1 to n - i do
begin
if a[j] > a[j + 1] then
begin
t := a[j];
a[j] := a[j + 1];
a[j + 1] := t;
end;
end;
for i := 1 to n do
if i = n then
writeln(a[i])
else write(a[i],' ');
readln; readln;
end.
1040: 【入门】打印字母塔
var i,n,j:integer;
c:char;
begin
readln(n);
for i:=1 to n do
begin
for j:=1 to n-i do
begin
write(' ');
end;
for j:=i downto 2 do
begin
c:=chr(j+ord('A')-1);
write(c);
end;
for j:=1 to i do
begin
c:=chr(j+ord('A')-1);
write(c);
end;
writeln;
end;
readln;
end.
1085: 【入门】百钱百鸡问题
var i,j,x,y,t,m,n:integer;
begin
for i:=1 to 100 div 5 do
begin
x:=100 - i * 5;
for j:=1 to x div 3 do
begin
y:=x - j * 3;
if (y > 0) and (i + j + y * 3 = 100) then
writeln(i,' ',j,' ',y * 3);
end;
end;
readln;
end.
1292: 【入门】歌唱比赛评分
var a:array[1..10]of integer;
i,n,max,min,s:integer;
r:real;
begin
readln(n);
for i := 1 to n do
read(a[i]);
readln;
min := a[1];
max := a[1];
for i:= 2 to n do
begin
if a[i] > max then
max:=a[i];
if a[i] < min then
min:=a[i];
end;
s := 0;
for i := 1 to n do
begin
s:=s+a[i];
end;
r:=(s-max-min)/(n-2);
writeln(r:0:2);
readln;
end.
题目：将二进制转八进制
从最低位开始，每三位一个单元，最前面如果不够三位，补充0，计算每个三位对应的十进制，连在一起就可以！
1001110-> 001 001 110->116
第一步：写函数将一个三位的2进制数转成十进制
第二步：读入一个字符串，判断前面要补几个0
第三步：每3位一个单元，调用函数转十进制
function num(var s:string):integer;
var r:integer;
begin
r := (ord(s[1]) - 48) * 4 + (ord(s[2]) - 48) * 2 + (ord(s[3]) - 48);
num := r;
end;
var s,t,r,m:string;
x,i:integer;
begin
readln(s);
if length(s) mod 3 = 1 then s := '00' + s
else if length(s) mod 3 = 2 then s := '0' + s;
t := '';
r := '';
for i := 1 to length(s) do
begin
t := t + s[i];
if length(t) = 3 then
begin
x := num(t);
str(x,m);
r := r + m;
t := '';
end;
end;
writeln(r); readln;
end.
题目：将一个十六进制的数，转换成二进制的数！（高精度转换）
思路：将每一个十六进制的数，转换成四位的对应的二进制（不够补0），连在一起，删除最前面的0！
第一步：写函数，计算一个十六进制数对应的二进制!
判断是否是四位，不满四位补0！
function num (var c:char):string;
var i,t,x:integer;
s,j:string;
begin
j:='';
if (c >='0') and (c <= '9') then
t:=ord(c) - 48
else if (c >='A') and (c <='F') then
t:=ord(c) - 55;
while t <> 0 do
begin
x:=t mod 2;
t:=t div 2;
str(x,s);
j:=s+j;
end;
if length(j) = 3 then
j:='0' + j
else if length(j) = 2 then
j:='00' + j
else if length(j) = 1 then
j:='000'+ j;
num:=j;
end;
var s,x,r:string;
i:integer;
begin
r:='';
x:='';
readln(s);
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
x:=num(s[i]);
r:=r+x;
end;
while r[1] = '0' do
delete(r,1,1);
writeln(r);
readln;
end.
1089: 【入门】那些4位数
var i,j,k,n:integer;
begin
for i:=1 to 4 do
for j:=1 to 4 do
for k:=1 to 4 do
for n:=1 to 4 do
begin
writeln(i*1000+j*100+k*10+n);
end;
readln;
end.
1262: 【入门】统计个数
var a:array[1..20]of integer;
i,t,x,y:integer;
begin
y:=0;
t:=0;
x:=0;
for i:=1 to 20 do
begin
readln(a[i]);
end;
for i:=1 to 20 do
begin
if a[i] > 0 then
y:=y+1
else if a[i] = 0 then
x:=x+1
else if a[i] < 0 then
t:=t+1;
end;
writeln(y,' ',x,' ',t);
readln;
end.
1045: 【入门】求出100以内的全部素数，并按每行五个数显示
function sushu (var n:integer):boolean;
var i:integer;
f:boolean;
begin
f:=true;
for i:=2 to trunc(sqrt(n)) do
if n mod i = 0 then
begin
f:=false;
break;
end;
if n <= 1 then
f:=false;
sushu:=f;
end;
var i,s,t:integer;
f:boolean;
begin
s:=0;
for i:=1 to 100 do
begin
t:=i;
f:=sushu(t);
if f=true then
begin
s:=s+1;
if s mod 5 = 0 then
writeln(t)
else
write(t,' ');
end;
end;
readln; end.
1108: 【入门】字符图形7-星号菱形
var i,j,n:integer;
begin
readln(n);
n:=n+1;
for i:= 1 to n do
begin
for j:= 1 to n-i do
begin
write(' ');
end;
for j:= 1 to 2*i-1 do
begin
write('*');
end;
writeln;
end;
for i:=2 to n do
begin
for j:= 1 to i-1 do
begin
write(' ');
end;
for j:= 1 to (n-i+1) * 2 - 1 do
begin
write('*');
end;
writeln;
end;
readln;
end.
1085: 【入门】百钱百鸡问题
var a,b,c,t,s,i,j:integer;
begin
for i:=1 to 100 div 5 do
begin
t:=100 - 5 * i;
for j:=1 to t div 3 do
begin
s:=t - j * 3;
if s*3 + i + j = 100 then
writeln(i,' ',j,' ',s*3);
end;
end;
readln;
end.
1024: 【入门】打印小写字母表
var i:integer;
c:char;
begin
for i:= 1 to 26 do
begin
c:=chr(i+96);
write(c);
if i=13 then
writeln;
end;
writeln;
for i:=26 downto 1 do
begin
c:=chr(i+96);
write (c);
if i=14 then
writeln;
end;
readln;
end.
1036: 【入门】统计字符的个数
var s:string;
i,t,n,b,q:integer;
begin
readln(s);
n:=0;
b:=0;
q:=0;
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
if (s[i] >='A') and (s[i] <='Z') then
n:=n+1;
if (s[i] >='a') and (s[i] <='z') then
b:=b+1;
if (s[i] >='0') and (s[i] <='9') then
q:=q+1;
end;
writeln(n,' ',b,' ',q);
readln;
end.
1132: 【入门】词组缩写
var s,t,n:string;
i,x:integer;
begin
readln(t);
t:=' '+t;
s:='';
for i:=2 to length(t) do
begin
if (t[i] <> ' ') and (t[i - 1] = ' ') then
begin
if (t[i] >='a') and (t[i] <='z') then
begin
x:=ord(t[i]) - 32;
t[i] := chr(x);
end;
s:=s+t[i];
end;
end;
writeln(s);
readln;
end.
1237: 【入门】调换位置
var s,s1,s2:string;
p:integer;
begin
readln(s);
p:= pos(',',s);
s1:= copy(s,1,p-1);
s2:= copy(s,p+1,length(s)-p);
writeln(s2,',',s1);
readln;
end.
1575: 【入门】求各位数字之和
var n,m,x,i:longint; s,t:string;c:integer;
begin
readln(n);
x:=0;
str(n,s);
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
t:=s[i];
val(t,m,c);
x:=m+x;
end;
writeln(x);
readln;
end.
1238: 【入门】统计单词个数
var s,w:string;
i,c:integer;
begin
readln(s);
c:=0;
s:=s+' ';
w:='';
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
if s[i] <> ' ' then
begin
w:=w+s[i];
if s[i+1] =' ' then
begin
c:=c+1;
w:='';
end;
end;
end;
writeln(c);
readln;
end.
1047: 【入门】正整数N转换成一个二进制数
var n,t:integer;
s,x:string;
begin
readln(n);
s:='';
while n <> 0 do
begin
t:=n mod 2;
str(t,x);
s:=x + s;
n:=n div 2;
end;
writeln(s);
readln;
end.
1059: 【基础】隐藏的最大整数
var s,n:string;
i,c:integer;
m,t,j:longint;
begin
readln(s);
n:='';
m:=0;
j:=0;
for i:=1 to length(s) do
begin
if (s[i]>='0') and (s[i]<='9') then
begin
n:=n+s[i];
if (s[i+1]<'0') or (s[i+1]>'9') then
begin
val(n,t,c);
if t > m then
begin
m:=t;
j:=i-length(n) + 1;
end;
n:='';
end;
end;
end;
writeln(j);
readln;
end.
1075: 【基础】趣味填空
var s,y,z,n2,n1:string;
p,i,m1,m2,y2:longint;
f:boolean;
c:integer;
begin
readln(s);
f:=false;
p:=pos('=',s);
z:=copy(s,1,p-1);
z:=copy(s,1,p-1);
y:=copy(s,p+1,length(s));
val(y,y2,c);
for i:=1 to length(z)-1 do
begin
n1:=copy(z,1,i);
n2:=copy(z,i+1,length(z));
val(n1,m1,c);
val(n2,m2,c);
if m1 +m2 =y2 then
begin
writeln(m1,'+',m2,'=',y2);
f:=true;
end;
end;
if f=false then
writeln('Impossible!');
readln;
end.
1094: 【入门】求一个最小数
var i,x:longint; s:string; c:integer;
begin
i:=17;
while true do
begin
str(i div 10,s);
s:='7'+s;
val(s,x,c);
if x=i*5 then
break
else
i:=i+1;
end;
writeln(i);
readln;
end.
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